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Mastering flat_map in Python with List Comprehension

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Introduction In Python, when working with nested lists or iterables, one common challenge is flattening them into a single list while applying transformations. Many programming languages provide a built-in flatMap function, but Python does not have an explicit flat_map method. However, Python’s powerful list comprehensions offer an elegant way to achieve the same functionality. This article examines implementation behavior using Python’s list comprehensions and other methods. What is flat_map ? Functional programming  flatMap is a combination of map and flatten . It transforms the collection's element and flattens the resulting nested structure into a single sequence. For example, given a list of lists, flat_map applies a function to each sublist and returns a single flattened list. Example in a Functional Programming Language: List(List(1, 2), List(3, 4)).flatMap(x => x.map(_ * 2)) // Output: List(2, 4, 6, 8) Implementing flat_map in Python Using List Comprehension Python’...
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Overview Of Cloud Standards

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Cloud computing slowly becoming reality. So it has to address many concerns such as security, interoperability, portability, and governance at the earliest opportunity.

This can be accelerated by compliance to guidelines and standards defined in consensus by the cloud providers. 

Without addressing these concerns, users would be wary to tread this path in spite of its powerful economic model for business computing.

Interoperability/integration

Interoperability enables products/software components to work with or integrate with each other seamlessly, in order to achieve the desired result.

Thus, it provides flexibility and the choice to use multiple products to achieve our needs. This is enabled by either integrating through standard interfaces or by means of a broker that converts one product interface to another.
Cloud computing depends on compliance standards.

Security

Security involves the protection of information assets through various policies, procedures, and technologies, which need to adhere to standards and best practices in order to achieve the desired level of security.

For example, the Payment Card Industry (PCI) data security standards from PCI SSC define ways to secure credit card data to avoid fraud. This is applicable to all organizations that hold, process or pass credit cardholder information.
Quickly Learn Cloud Computing

Portability


Software is said to be portable when the cost of porting the same from an existing platform for which it was originally developed, to a new platform, is less than the cost of re-writing it for the new platform. Software with good portability thus avoids vendor lock-in.

This is typically achieved by adhering to standard interfaces defined between the software component and vendor platforms. For example, Java programs are set to be portable across operating systems (OS) that adhere to standard interfaces defined between the Java runtime environment and the OS.
Portability and governance are the key factors in Cloud computing.

Governance

Risk Management and Compliance (GRC) - governance focuses on ensuring that the enterprise adheres to defined policies and processes. Risk management puts in controls to manage and mitigate risks as defined by the enterprise.

Compliance ensures that the enterprise adheres to various legal/legislative as well as internal policies. Standards have been defined for IT systems to adhere to a certain industry as well as legal standards such as Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), etc.

Related Posts:

  1. Learn Cloud Computing a Flow-Chart Way
  2. Why Data is Very Sexy Today

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