Featured Post

Mastering flat_map in Python with List Comprehension

-
Image
Introduction In Python, when working with nested lists or iterables, one common challenge is flattening them into a single list while applying transformations. Many programming languages provide a built-in flatMap function, but Python does not have an explicit flat_map method. However, Python’s powerful list comprehensions offer an elegant way to achieve the same functionality. This article examines implementation behavior using Python’s list comprehensions and other methods. What is flat_map ? Functional programming  flatMap is a combination of map and flatten . It transforms the collection's element and flattens the resulting nested structure into a single sequence. For example, given a list of lists, flat_map applies a function to each sublist and returns a single flattened list. Example in a Functional Programming Language: List(List(1, 2), List(3, 4)).flatMap(x => x.map(_ * 2)) // Output: List(2, 4, 6, 8) Implementing flat_map in Python Using List Comprehension Python’...
Post a Comment

Hyperledger Fabric: 20 Real Interview Questions

-
Hyperledger is one of the top-listed blockchains. This architecture follows R3 Corda specifications. Sharing the interview questions with you that I have prepared for my interview.

Though Ethereum leads in real-time applications. The latest Hyperledger version is now ready for production applications. It has now become stable for production applications.

The Hyperledger is now backed by IBM. But, it is still an open source. These interview questions help you to read quickly. The below set of interview questions helps you like a tutorial on Hyperledger fabric.

Hyperledger Fabric


Hyperledger Fabric Interview Questions


1). What are Nodes?
In Hyperledger the communication entities are called Nodes.

2). What are the three different types of Nodes?
- Client Node
- Peer Node
- Order Node
The Client node initiates transactions. The peer node commits the transaction. The order node guarantees delivery.

3). What is Channel?
A channel in Hyperledger is the subnet of the main blockchain. You can have n number of Channels in a Blockchain. 

4). Can a Peer or Node be a part of many channels?
Yes, can be part of many channels.

5). Can the transactions within a Subnet be visible to the public?
No, these are visible to people for subscribers of the particular Channel.

6). Are the smart contract and security policies private to each subnet?
Yes, each subnet should have its own Smart contract and Security policies.

7). What is the difference between a Chain code and a Smart contract?
In reality, both are the same.

8). Which languages are popular to write chain code?
GO and JAVA. 

9). Where the Chain code executes in the Blockchain environment?
Those run in Docker, which is a Sandbox.

10). What is Identity management?
Identity management is an inbuilt service, that handles Security, Members, Roles, and digital signatures of accounts.

11). What is Certification authority?
A). Fabric CA takes care of registration, issuance of e-certificates, role assignment, renewals, and revocation to the various nodes before they can start communicating in the network. 

12). What Consensus Mechanism?
In HyperLedger each node or peer represents a client. It is a complex process. The Hyperledger uses the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance or PBFT model.


top blockchains

13). How is the ledger entry made?
It starts with peer authentication, Transaction verification, and informing to all peers when a block is added.

14). The top tools used in developing blockchain applications?
These are Java, node.js, NPM, and other editing tools.

15). What is the blockchain composer?
The blockchain composer is a development piece, that you can develop quickly. Once you are happy with the requirement, you can deploy it into blockchain fabric.

 16). What is HyperLedger SawTooth Lake?
It is an open-source project backed by Intel.

17). What is Proof of Elapse Time?
The PoET is the consensus algorithm that is designed to create a fair consensus model, which mainly focuses on efficiency.

18). What is Hyperledger Indy?
HyperLedger Indy is an open-source project for supporting independent identity on BlockChain and distributed ledgers. Indy provides tools, libraries, and reusable components for providing digital identities.

19). What is Hyperledger Burrow?
It is sponsored by Intel and Linux Foundation. Hyperledger Burrow is a permissioned Ethereum smart-contract blockchain based on the Monax platform. It executes Ethereum smart contract code on a permissioned virtual machine. Burrow provides transaction finality and high transaction throughput on a proof-of-stake PBFT-based consensus engine.

20) BaaS mean?
Blockchain as a service you can say as BaaS. The top leaders in this line are Amazon, IBM, Microsoft, and Google.

 Related Posts

Comments

Post a Comment

Thanks for your message. We will get back you.

Popular posts from this blog

SQL Query: 3 Methods for Calculating Cumulative SUM

-
Image
SQL provides various constructs for calculating cumulative sums, offering flexibility and efficiency in data analysis. In this article, we explore three distinct SQL queries that facilitate the computation of cumulative sums. Each query leverages different SQL constructs to achieve the desired outcome, catering to diverse analytical needs and preferences. Using Window Functions (e.g., PostgreSQL, SQL Server, Oracle) SELECT id, value, SUM(value) OVER (ORDER BY id) AS cumulative_sum  FROM your_table; This query uses the SUM() window function with the OVER clause to calculate the cumulative sum of the value column ordered by the id column. Using Subqueries (e.g., MySQL, SQLite): SELECT t1.id, t1.value, SUM(t2.value) AS cumulative_sum FROM your_table t1 JOIN your_table t2 ON t1.id >= t2.id GROUP BY t1.id, t1.value ORDER BY t1.id; This query uses a self-join to calculate the cumulative sum. It joins the table with itself, matching rows where the id in the first table is greater than...
Read more

Big Data: Top Cloud Computing Interview Questions (1 of 4)

-
Image
The below are frequently asked interview questions on Cloud computing: 1) What is the difference between Cloud and Grid? Grid: -Information service -Security Service -Data management -Execution Manageement Cloud: - Maintains up-to-date information of resources -Create VMs according to user requirement -Application deploment -User management 2) What are the different cloud standards? -Interoperability standards -Security standards -Portability Standards -Governance and Risk standards 3) What are the two different sub-systems in Cloud computing ? -Management sub system -Resource sub system 4)What is Cloud compouting? The promise of cloud computing is ubiquitous access to a broad set of applications and services, which are delivered over the network to multiple customer. 5) Why we need specialized network for Cloud services? The public Internet is the simplest choice for delivering cloud-based services. In this model, the cloud provider simply purchases Inter...
Read more

5 SQL Queries That Popularly Used in Data Analysis

-
Image
 Here are five popular SQL queries frequently used in data analysis. 1. SELECT with Aggregations Summarize data by calculating aggregates like counts, sums, averages, etc. SELECT department, COUNT(*) as employee_count, AVG(salary) as average_salary FROM employees GROUP BY department; 2. JOIN Operations  Combine data from multiple tables based on a related column. SELECT e.employee_id, e.name, d.department_name FROM employees e JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id; 3. WHERE Clause for Filtering Filter records based on specified conditions. SELECT * FROM sales WHERE sale_date BETWEEN '2024-01-01' AND '2024-12-31'   AND amount > 1000; 4. ORDER BY Clause for Sorting Sort results in ascending or descending order based on one or more columns. SELECT product_name, price FROM products ORDER BY price DESC; 5. GROUP BY with HAVING Clause Group records and apply conditions to the aggregated results. SELECT department, SUM(salary) as total_salaries FROM employ...
Read more