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Step-by-Step Guide to Creating an AWS RDS Database Instance

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 Amazon Relational Database Service (AWS RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. Instead of managing servers, patching OS, and handling backups manually, AWS RDS takes care of the heavy lifting so you can focus on building applications and data pipelines. In this blog, we’ll walk through how to create an AWS RDS instance , key configuration choices, and best practices you should follow in real-world projects. What is AWS RDS? AWS RDS is a managed database service that supports popular relational engines such as: Amazon Aurora (MySQL / PostgreSQL compatible) MySQL PostgreSQL MariaDB Oracle SQL Server With RDS, AWS manages: Database provisioning Automated backups Software patching High availability (Multi-AZ) Monitoring and scaling Prerequisites Before creating an RDS instance, make sure you have: An active AWS account Proper IAM permissions (RDS, EC2, VPC) A basic understanding of: ...
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How to Decode TLV Quickly

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TLV format consists of three components: Tag, Length, and Value. In credit card and financial transactions, the TLV protocol utilizes this structure. Below, you will find tips for quickly decoding TLV data. 


TLV Format



According to IBM, the tag tells what type of data it is. The length field denotes the length of the value, and the value is the actual value.


Structure of TLV.


TLV comprises three field values.


  1. Tag
  2. Length
  3. Value


How to Decode TLV


The EMV labs developed tags that are part of the EMV protocol. Each tag has a unique meaning. The Tag and Length together take 1 to 4 bytes of memory.

1. The Best example for TLV.


Below is the method for decoding the EMV tag. The first part of the TLV format is TAG. The second part is LENGTH, and finally, the value.


Syntax of EMV tag:


[Tag][Value Length][Value] (ex. "9F4005F000F0A001")


where, 


Tag Name = 9F40


Value Length (in bytes) = 05 


Value (Hex representation of bytes. Example, "F0" – 1-byte) = F000F0A001


Finally, what is 9F40 tag? The EMV company assigns a value to it. Check out the complete list of EMV Tags and meanings.



2. How to read the TLV


Let me elaborate on the memory the EMV tag takes. The breakup of memory allocation is as follows.

 

Tag: 1 or 2 bytes.


Length: 05


Value length:


F0-00-F0-A0-01 ==> 5 Bytes


The F0 is the HEX value of length 1. So the total length of the value altogether is 5 bytes.


F0+00+F0+A0+01= Total 5 bytes



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