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Mastering flat_map in Python with List Comprehension

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Introduction In Python, when working with nested lists or iterables, one common challenge is flattening them into a single list while applying transformations. Many programming languages provide a built-in flatMap function, but Python does not have an explicit flat_map method. However, Python’s powerful list comprehensions offer an elegant way to achieve the same functionality. This article examines implementation behavior using Python’s list comprehensions and other methods. What is flat_map ? Functional programming  flatMap is a combination of map and flatten . It transforms the collection's element and flattens the resulting nested structure into a single sequence. For example, given a list of lists, flat_map applies a function to each sublist and returns a single flattened list. Example in a Functional Programming Language: List(List(1, 2), List(3, 4)).flatMap(x => x.map(_ * 2)) // Output: List(2, 4, 6, 8) Implementing flat_map in Python Using List Comprehension Python’...
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Python DateTime Objects: Manipulating and Calculating Dates

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Date and Time how to get and how to use is well needed in a software project. So in Python, you can find these features.

Date and Time Features in Python

Date feature you need it to get Date in the coding. Here the point is the Date and how to get it, and the various formats of it. Generally, you will find three different Date and Time formats. Before going into detail, here are those formats.

Dateandtime Features

Date and Time formats

  1. Epoch: It is a point where the time starts and is dependent on the platform. It is taken as January 1st of the current year, 00:00:00. But for UNIX systems, it is 1st January, 1970, 00:00:00 (UTC).
  2. UTC: UTC means Coordinated Universal Time (also known as Greenwich Mean Time) and is a compromise between English and French.
  3. DST: It is Daylight Saving Time which is an adjustment of the time zone by one hour during part of the year. In other words, the clock is forward by one hour in the spring and backward by one hour in the autumn to return to standard time.

1. How to get the seconds

It will return the time in seconds i.e. the number of seconds passed since the epoch. The specific epoch date and leap seconds handling are platform-dependent.

from time import *
my_secs = time()
print("The number of seconds since epoch are:", my_secs)


Time in Seconds


2. How to get the current Date and Time

Here you will get both the Date and Time.

from time import *
cdt=ctime()
print("Current Date and Time", cdt)


Current Date and Time

3. How to get today's Date in Python

Here, you will get only the Date.


from datetime import date
my_date = date.today()
print("My Date is ", my_date)


Get only Date


4. How to get current Time in Python

Here you will get only time.


from datetime import datetime
cdt=datetime.now()
current_time = cdt.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
print("Current Time =", current_time)


Get only time


5. How to get local time in detail

Here you will get the date and time detail.


from time import *
mystruct_time = localtime()
print(mystruct_time)


time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=9, tm_mday=24, tm_hour=14, tm_min=34, tm_sec=5, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=267, tm_isdst=0)

** Process exited - Return Code: 0 **
Press Enter to exit terminal

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