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Python Set Operations Explained: From Theory to Real-Time Applications

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A  set  in Python is an unordered collection of unique elements. It is useful when storing distinct values and performing operations like union, intersection, or difference. Real-Time Example: Removing Duplicate Customer Emails in a Marketing Campaign Imagine you are working on an email marketing campaign for your company. You have a list of customer emails, but some are duplicated. Using a set , you can remove duplicates efficiently before sending emails. Code Example: # List of customer emails (some duplicates) customer_emails = [ "alice@example.com" , "bob@example.com" , "charlie@example.com" , "alice@example.com" , "david@example.com" , "bob@example.com" ] # Convert list to a set to remove duplicates unique_emails = set (customer_emails) # Convert back to a list (if needed) unique_email_list = list (unique_emails) # Print the unique emails print ( "Unique customer emails:" , unique_email_list) Ou...
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How to Find Non-word Character: Python Regex Example

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In Python, the regular expression pattern \W matches any non-word character. Here's an example of usage. The valid word characters are [a-zA-Z0-9_]. \W (upper case W) matches any non-word character.



regex non-word character


Regex examples to find non-word char


#1 Example


import re
text = "Hello, world! How are you today?"
non_words = re.findall(r'\W', text)
print(non_words)


In the above example, the re.findall() function is used to find all non-word characters in the text string using the regular expression pattern \W. The output will be a list of non-word characters found in the string:


Output

[',', '!', ' ', ' ', '?']


This includes punctuation marks and spaces but excludes letters, digits, and underscores, which are considered word characters in regular expressions.


#2 Example


import re
text = "Hello, world! How are non-word-char:! you today?"
non_words = re.findall(r'non-word-char:\W', text)
print(non_words)


Output

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