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Python Set Operations Explained: From Theory to Real-Time Applications

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A  set  in Python is an unordered collection of unique elements. It is useful when storing distinct values and performing operations like union, intersection, or difference. Real-Time Example: Removing Duplicate Customer Emails in a Marketing Campaign Imagine you are working on an email marketing campaign for your company. You have a list of customer emails, but some are duplicated. Using a set , you can remove duplicates efficiently before sending emails. Code Example: # List of customer emails (some duplicates) customer_emails = [ "alice@example.com" , "bob@example.com" , "charlie@example.com" , "alice@example.com" , "david@example.com" , "bob@example.com" ] # Convert list to a set to remove duplicates unique_emails = set (customer_emails) # Convert back to a list (if needed) unique_email_list = list (unique_emails) # Print the unique emails print ( "Unique customer emails:" , unique_email_list) Ou...

Five top SQL Query Performance Tuning Tips

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SQL query runs faster when you write it in a specific method. You can say it as tuning. There are five tuning tips: List of Performance Tuning Tips use index columns, use group by, avoid duplicate column in SELECT & Where, use Left Joins use a co-related subquery. Five top SQL Query Performance Tuning Tips SQL Performance Tuning Tip: 01 Use  indexes in the where clause of SQL . Let me elaborate more on that. Be sure the columns that you are using in the WHERE clause should be already part of the Index columns of that database Table. An example SQL Query: SELECT *  FROM emp_sal_nonppi WHERE dob <= 2017-08-01; SQL Performance Tuning Tip: 02 Use GROUP BY . Some people use a  DISTINCT clause to eliminate duplicates . You can achieve this by GROUP BY. An example SQL Query: SELECT E.empno, E.lastname FROM emp E,emp_projact EP WHERE E.empno = EP.empno GROUP BY E.empno, E.lastname; SQL Performance Tuning Tip: 03 Avoid using duplicates in the Query. Some people us...