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Python Set Operations Explained: From Theory to Real-Time Applications

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A  set  in Python is an unordered collection of unique elements. It is useful when storing distinct values and performing operations like union, intersection, or difference. Real-Time Example: Removing Duplicate Customer Emails in a Marketing Campaign Imagine you are working on an email marketing campaign for your company. You have a list of customer emails, but some are duplicated. Using a set , you can remove duplicates efficiently before sending emails. Code Example: # List of customer emails (some duplicates) customer_emails = [ "alice@example.com" , "bob@example.com" , "charlie@example.com" , "alice@example.com" , "david@example.com" , "bob@example.com" ] # Convert list to a set to remove duplicates unique_emails = set (customer_emails) # Convert back to a list (if needed) unique_email_list = list (unique_emails) # Print the unique emails print ( "Unique customer emails:" , unique_email_list) Ou...
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Python Function Argument: How to Pass it to Decorator

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A decorator is a wrapper and provides additional functionality to a function. Also, it may modify the behavior, such as changing the return type/adding new abilities. Python Decorators Precisely, it is another form of function pointers . Also, it accepts function argument, then either wraps the function or returns a new one. Moreover, it modifies the inputs/outputs supplied to it. It helps you add behavior to functions (objects) dynamically (without changing the function behavior). Function Argument Below, you will find an example of passing a function argument to a decorator. The below function modifies inputs and returns output. def to_upper(func):     text=func()     if isinstance(text,str):         return text.upper() def say():     return "welcome" def hello():     return "hello"      a = to_upper(say) print(a)  b = to_upper(hello) print(b)   Output WELCOME HELLO ** Process exited - Return Cod...
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